What is Gastric outlet obstruction?
Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is a condition characterized by the partial or complete blockage of the opening between the stomach and the small intestine, known as the pylorus. This obstruction can be caused by various factors, including tumors, ulcers, scar tissue, inflammation, or congenital abnormalities.
Symptoms:
Symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction typically include persistent nausea and vomiting, often with undigested food particles. The vomiting may relieve the feeling of fullness temporarily, but the symptoms usually recur. Other symptoms may include abdominal pain or discomfort, bloating, belching, weight loss, and dehydration due to frequent vomiting.
Diagnosis:
Diagnosing gastric outlet obstruction usually requires a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests. These imaging tests may include upper gastrointestinal series, computed tomography (CT) scan, or endoscopy.
Treatment:
The treatment of gastric outlet obstruction depends on the underlying cause and the severity of symptoms. In some cases, conservative measures such as dietary changes, medications to reduce stomach acid or promote emptying, and intravenous fluids may be sufficient. However, if the obstruction is severe or caused by a tumor, surgery may be necessary. Surgical options include removing the obstructing agent, bypassing the obstruction, or widening the pylorus.
Complications of gastric outlet obstruction can include malnutrition, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and aspiration pneumonia. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help prevent these complications and improve overall outcomes.
It’s important to consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment options if you suspect gastric outlet obstruction or are experiencing persistent symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.